Wednesday, July 4, 2012

Elderly euthanasia - right, wrong, or just plain different?

I was doing some research about increasing suicide rates and came across a few interesting articles about elderly euthanasia.  Though this may seem like a morbid topic, I think it's important to discuss not only the medical but also ethical side to this new trend. Having grandparents of my own who struggle daily, this hits close to home and I can understand both sides of the argument.  Let's first talk about how this idea came about.

Huib Drion (April 25 1917-April 20 2004), a Dutch Supreme Court justice, and professor of civil law at the University of Leiden first proposed his idea of an "old people" pill in 1991.  He believed that these fragile individuals deserved to die with respect and dignity because we all experience desires, battles, pain, and expectations of life itself.  He was the main force behind the legalization of euthanasia in the Netherlands and wrote an essay titled "Voluntary Death for Old People" seven years after retiring from the high court.  He had thought up a two-step suicide system for the incurably sick which would begin by taking one pill and waiting to finish the session with the second pill a day or two afterward.  This process gave the person time to change their mind about death.  Interestingly enough, this system was never carried out but in 2002 the Netherlands became the first country to allow physician-assisted suicide for select terminally ill patients as long as they met the following guidelines: their decision was rational and reasoned, their suffering unbearable, and there was no prospect of improvement.  

Another doctor came along, Dr. Philip Nitschke in 1996 with "The Peaceful Pill Handbook".  This gave a detailed description of how to kill yourself painlessly, peacefully, and easily.  This same year the world's first voluntary euthanasia legislation was introduced, but was later overturned by Prime Minister John Howards federal government.  Recent legislation outlaws the use of the Internet to promote suicide.  The barbiturate Pentobarbital, originally used as a sleeping pill until over-doses became more common, is the same drug that was responsible for the deaths of Marilyn Monroe and Judy Garland and effects the body by causing drowsiness, and eventually breathing ceases.  There are a few essays online about how Dr. Nitschke gets ahold of this medication, now banned in the United States, by directing his patients to Mexico.  While he believes the most effective and preferred way to take it is by oral ingestion, many still half-heartedly attempt to inject it.  He began his "Exit" program which discusses assisted suicide and euthanasia for the elderly and seriously ill adults, and conducted his first trial using the  'deliverance machine' the same year his handbook was released under Australia's Rights of the Terminally Ill Act.  This was overturned nine months later.  As part of the "Exit" program people receive an exit guide who talks about other life-ending options, is with the patient when the act is committed, and cannot provide physical assistance or means.  The pill can be made with legal substances such as nicotine and alcohol, and as  long as it is made in the privacy of their own homes is not breaching the law.  Nitschke has recently broadened his target audience to troubled teens, elders with negative feelings about being placed in a nursing home, and euthanasia activists.  He also constructed a 90 minute documentary titled "Mademoisella and the Doctor" in which he promotes his company and individual rights to decide when to end ones life.

 Given the opportunity, what would you decide?

1 comment:

  1. euthanasia may be good or bad depending on whether the patient in question is terminally ill

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